Effects of free and forced retrieval instructions on false recall and recognition

Authors
Citation
Sj. Mckelvie, Effects of free and forced retrieval instructions on false recall and recognition, J GEN PSYCH, 128(3), 2001, pp. 261-278
Citations number
34
Language
INGLESE
art.tipo
Article
Categorie Soggetti
Psycology
Journal title
JOURNAL OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY
ISSN journal
0022-1309 → ACNP
Volume
128
Issue
3
Year of publication
2001
Pages
261 - 278
Database
ISI
SICI code
0022-1309(200107)128:3<261:EOFAFR>2.0.ZU;2-1
Abstract
One hundred undergraduates heard 6 lists of 14 words that were each associa ted with 1 of 6 central concepts not on the lists (the DRMRS procedure). Th e participants were instructed to recall as many words as possible (free re trieval) or to fill all 14 spaces (forced retrieval) and were subsequently given a recognition test. False recall and recognition of the critical cent ral concepts were higher with forced than with free retrieval instructions, but correct recall and recognition were not affected. Confidence was lower for false than for correct recall and recognition. Confidence was also low er with forced than with free retrieval instructions for false recall but n ot for false recognition. The DRMRS procedure easily elicited false memorie s, but confidence judgments helped more in detecting them in recall than in recognition. Theoretical and applied implications are discussed.