Genetic and physiological studies have shown that the Arabidopsis thaliana
abscisic acid-insensitive (ABi) loci interact to regulate seed-specific and
/or ABA-inducible gene expression. We have used the yeast two-hybrid assay
to determine whether any of these genetic interactions reflect direct physi
cal interactions. By this criterion, only ABI3 and ABI5 physically interact
with each other, and ABI5 can form homodimers. The B1 domain of ABI3 is es
sential for this interaction; this is the first specific function ascribed
to this domain of the ABI3/VP1 family. The ABI5 domains required for intera
ction with ABI3 include two conserved charged domains in the amino-terminal
half of the protein. An additional conserved charged domain appears to hav
e intrinsic transcription activation function in this assay. Yeast one-hybr
id assays with a lacZ reporter gene under control of the late embryogenesis
-abundant AtEm6 promoter show that only ABI5 binds directly to this promote
r fragment.