Y. Ukawa et al., Antitumor effects of (1 -> 3)-beta-D-glucan and (1 -> 6)-beta-D-glucan purified from newly cultivated mushroom, Hatakeshimeji (Lyophyllum decastes Sing.), J BIOSCI BI, 90(1), 2000, pp. 98-104
Eleven polysaccharides were isolated from a hot-water extract of fruiting b
odies of Lyophyllum decastes Sing. by ion-exchange chromatography and gel p
ermeation chromatography. Three polysaccharides (IV-I, IV-2, and IV-3) comp
osed mainly of glucose showed marked antitumor activities against Sarcoma 1
80 and their average molecular weights were 305 kDa, 130 kDa and 14 kDa, re
spectively. From methylation analyses and C-13-NMR spectra, it was suggeste
d that IV-I was a (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan-type polysaccharide, IV-3 was a (1-
->6)-beta-D-glucan-type polysaccharide, and IV-2 was a (1-->3, 1-->6)-beta-
D-glucan-type polysaccharide or a mixture of both polysaccharides. Increase
s in the number of peritoneal macrophages and third component of complement
(C3)-positive fluorescent cells in mice treated with IV-1 suggested that t
he inhibitory effect on tumor growth is due to immunological host-mediated
mechanisms.