HIV infected patients are at increased risk of developing renal failure whe
n compared to the general population. Renal disease occurs both as a primar
y manifestation of HIV infection and secondary to complications such as int
ercurrent illness or drug therapy. Examples of primary HIV renal disease, i
ncluding HIV associated nephropathy (HIVAN) and immune complex glomerulonep
hronephritis, and secondary causes of renal failure are reviewed with full
discussion about investigation and treatment methods.