An object-oriented software system is described for estimating internal emi
tter absorbed doses using a set of computer modules operating within a pers
onal computer environment. The system is called the Radionuclide Treatment
Planning and Absorbed Dose Estimation System (RTDS). It is intended for rad
ioimmunotherapy applications, although other forms of internal emitter ther
apy may also be considered. Methods: Four software modules interact through
a database backend. Clinical, demographic and image data are directly ente
red into the database. Modules include those devoted to clinical imaging (n
uclear, CT and MR), activity determination, organ compartmental modeling an
d absorbed dose estimation. Results: Both standard phantom (Medical Interna
l Radiation Dose [MIRD]) and patient-specific absorbed doses are estimated.
All modules interact with the database backend so that changes in one proc
ess do not influence other operations. Results of the modular operations ar
e written to the database as computations are completed. Dose-volume histog
rams are an intrinsic part of the output for patient-specific absorbed dose
estimates. A sample dose estimate for a potential Y-90 monoclonal antibody
is described. Conclusion: A four-module software system has been implement
ed to estimate MIRD phantom and patient-specific absorbed doses. Computatio
ns of the doses and their statistical distribution for a pure beta emitter
such as Y-90 take approximately 1 min on a 300 MHz personal computer.