Cellular proteinases trigger the infectivity of the influenza A and Sendaiviruses

Citation
H. Kido et al., Cellular proteinases trigger the infectivity of the influenza A and Sendaiviruses, MOL CELLS, 9(3), 1999, pp. 235-244
Citations number
37
Language
INGLESE
art.tipo
Review
Categorie Soggetti
Biochemistry & Biophysics
Journal title
MOLECULES AND CELLS
ISSN journal
1016-8478 → ACNP
Volume
9
Issue
3
Year of publication
1999
Pages
235 - 244
Database
ISI
SICI code
1016-8478(19990630)9:3<235:CPTTIO>2.0.ZU;2-R
Abstract
It has been proposed that the pathogenicity of the influenza and Sendai vir us is primarily determined by host cellular proteases that activate viral i nfectivity, We isolated trypsin-type serine proteases from rat lungs, candi dates for the processing proteases of viral envelope glycoproteins, such as tryptase Clara localized in the Clara cells of the bronchial epithelium an d miniplasmin, These enzymes specifically cleave the precursor of fusion gl ycoprotein BA of influenza virus at Arg(325), and the F-0 of Sendai virus a t Arg(116) in the consensus cleavage motif, Gln(Glu)-X-Arg, resulting in th e induction of infectivity of these viruses. Proteolytic activation of viru ses by these enzymes occurs extracellularly, probably on the surface and/or in the lumen of the respiratory tract. On the other hand, we isolated two compounds from human bronchial lavage, which inhibit the activity of trypta se Clara. One was a mucus protease inhibitor and the other was a pulmonary surfactant, These compounds inhibited multiple cycles of virus replication in vitro and in vivo, but did not themselves affect the hemagglutination an d the infectivity of the virus. Administration of these compounds in the ai rway may be useful for preventing and treating infection with influenza vir us and Sendai virus.